Lansoprazol Farmoz may be available in the countries listed below.
Lansoprazole is reported as an ingredient of Lansoprazol Farmoz in the following countries:
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Etoposido Rontag may be available in the countries listed below.
Etoposide is reported as an ingredient of Etoposido Rontag in the following countries:
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Levotiroxina Sodica Perugen may be available in the countries listed below.
Levothyroxine sodium salt (a derivative of Levothyroxine) is reported as an ingredient of Levotiroxina Sodica Perugen in the following countries:
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Kyowacron may be available in the countries listed below.
Gliclazide is reported as an ingredient of Kyowacron in the following countries:
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Generic Name: Acetazolamide Sodium
Class: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
ATC Class: S01EC01
VA Class: CV703
CAS Number: 59-66-5
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; nonbacteriostatic sulfonamide derivative.a b c d e
Adjunctive treatment of open-angle or secondary glaucoma.c d e
Short-term use in acute angle-closure glaucoma to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) before surgery.a b c d e Should not be used for long-term treatment of angle-closure glaucoma.b c d e (See Contraindications under Cautions.)
Prevention or amelioration of symptoms (e.g., headache, lassitude, insomnia, nausea, shortness of breath, dizziness) associated with acute mountain sickness.a b c d f
Shortens the time of acclimatization.f If acute mountain sickness develops, shortens duration; does not obviate need to stop ascent or to descend.f
Also used in the treatment and prevention of high-altitude sleep disorders.c d f Decreases periodic breathing and apnea and improves oxygenation.f
Management (in combination with other anticonvulsants) of centrencephalic epilepsies (e.g., petit mal, unlocalized seizures);c e may be ineffective for prolonged therapy.a b Has not been evaluated in controlled clinical studies in specific seizure types.a b
Adjunctive treatment of edema due to CHF or drug therapy.b c e Less potent diuretic than thiazide diuretics; metabolic acidosis resulting in loss of diuretic effect occurs after 2–4 days of continuous therapy.b
Has been used in the treatment of hyperkalemic and hypokalemic forms of periodic paralysis†.b
Administer orally or by direct IV injection.c d e
Do not administer IM; injection is painful.b e
When an oral liquid preparation is needed, crush the appropriate number of tablets and suspend in a highly flavored carbohydrate syrup.a Can suspend up to 500 mg of acetazolamide in 5 mL of syrup; suspensions containing 250 mg per 5 mL are more palatable.a Alternatively, soften a tablet in 2 teaspoonsful of hot water and add 2 teaspoonsful of honey or syrup; swallow immediately.a
When the extended-release capsules are used for glaucoma, if adequate response is not achieved with twice-daily administration of this preparation, consider using other acetazolamide preparations that are administered more frequently (i.e., tablet, parenteral preparation) to achieve IOP control.d
For solution and drug compatibility information, see Compatibility under Stability.
Administer IV when rapid lowering of IOP is necessary or if patient is unable to take oral medication.a e
Reconstitute vial containing 500 mg of acetazolamide with 5 mL of sterile water for injection to provide a solution containing 100 mg/mL.a e
Available as acetazolamide (oral preparations) and acetazolamide sodium; dosage expressed in terms of acetazolamide.c d e
Adjust dosage based on patient response and requirements.a
8–30 mg/kg or 300–900 mg/m2 daily in 3 divided doses has been used.a
Children ≥12 years of age: 500 mg twice daily as extended-release capsules.d
Children ≥12 years of age: 500 mg twice daily as extended-release capsules.d
5–10 mg/kg every 6 hours has been used.a
Children ≥12 years of age: 500 mg once or twice daily as extended-release capsules.d Initiate 24–48 hours before ascent; continue for 48 hours while at high altitude or longer if needed to control symptoms.d
8–30 mg/kg daily in divided doses has been used.a c
5 mg/kg or 150 mg/m2 once daily in the morning has been used.a
Conventional tablets: 250 mg to 1 g daily.c For daily dosages >250 mg, administer in divided doses.c
Extended-release capsules: 500 mg twice daily.d
250 mg to 1 g daily.e For daily dosages >250 mg, administer in divided doses.e
Conventional tablets: 250 mg every 4 hours.c Some patients respond to short-term therapy with 250 mg twice daily.c
Extended-release capsules: 500 mg twice daily.d
250 mg every 4 hours.e Some patients respond to short-term therapy with 250 mg twice daily.e
Conventional tablets: 250 mg every 4 hours. a c Alternatively, 250 mg twice daily or an initial dose of 500 mg followed by 125–250 mg every 4 hours.a c
Extended-release capsules: 500 mg twice daily.d
250 mg every 4 hours.e Alternatively, 250 mg twice daily or an initial dose of 500 mg followed by 125–250 mg every 4 hours.e
Conventional tablets and extended-release capsules: 500 mg to 1 g daily in divided doses.c d Initiate 24–48 hours before ascent; continue for 48 hours while at high altitude or longer if needed to control symptoms.c d
125–250 mg twice daily starting 24 hours before ascent has been effective for prevention of acute mountain sickness; 500 mg (as extended-release capsules) every 24 hours also has been effective.f 750 mg daily may be more effective than 500 mg daily.f
125 mg at bedtime has been used for the management of high-altitude sleep disorders.f
For treatment of acute mountain sickness, some experts recommend 250 mg given within 24 hours of onset of symptoms and a second 250-mg dose 8 hours later.f
Conventional tablets: 8–30 mg/kg daily in divided doses.c
Usual dosage range: 375 mg to 1 g daily.c
When used in conjunction with other anticonvulsants, initiate at 250 mg once daily and increase dosage as needed.c
8–30 mg/kg daily in divided doses; usual dosage range is 375 mg to 1 g daily.e
When given in conjunction with other anticonvulsants, initiate at 250 mg once daily and increase dosage as needed.e
Conventional tablets: Initially, 250–375 mg (5 mg/kg) once daily in the morning.c
If patient fails to lose edema fluid after initial response, hold drug for 1 day. c To avoid loss of diuretic effect, administer intermittently (on alternate days or for 2 days followed by a drug-free day).c
Initially, 250–375 mg (5 mg/kg) once daily in the morning.e
If patient fails to lose edema fluid after initial response, hold drug for 1 day.e To avoid loss of diuretic effect, administer intermittently (on alternate days or for 2 days followed by a drug-free day).e
Conventional tablets: 250–375 mg once daily for 1 or 2 days, alternating with a drug-free day.c
250–375 mg once daily for 1 or 2 days, alternating with a drug-free day.e
250 mg 2 to 3 times daily has been used.a
When used in glaucoma or seizure disorders, dosage >1 g daily is not associated with additional clinical benefit.c d e
When used for diuresis, increasing dosage does not produce greater response and may result in decreased response.c d e
Select dosage with caution because of age-related decreases in hepatic, renal, and/or cardiac function and concomitant disease and drug therapy.d
Marked impairment of hepatic function.c d e Cirrhosis.c d e (See Hepatic Impairment under Cautions.)
Depressed serum concentrations of sodium and/or potassium.c d e
Adrenocortical insufficiency.c d e
Hyperchloremic acidosis.c d e
Marked impairment of renal function.c d e
Long-term treatment of angle-closure glaucoma; further closure of the angle may occur while worsening of glaucoma is masked by lower IOP.b c d e
Hypersensitivity to acetazolamide or any ingredients in the formulation.c d e
Serious adverse events (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, other blood dyscrasias) associated with sulfonamide therapy possible.b c d e
Discontinue if signs of hypersensitivity, blood dyscrasias, or other serious reactions occur.b c e
Drowsiness and/or paresthesia reported with high dosages.b c d e
Caution in patients with pulmonary obstruction, emphysema, or advanced pulmonary disease where alveolar ventilation may be impaired.b c d e Acetazolamide may precipitate or aggravate acidosis in these patients.c d e
Monitor for hematologic reactions associated with sulfonamides; obtain a CBC and platelet count before therapy and periodically during therapy.c d e Discontinue the drug if clinically important changes occur.c d e
Monitor serum electrolytes periodically for electrolyte imbalances (i.e., hyponatremia, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis).c d e
Increased or decreased blood glucose concentrations reported.d Caution in patients with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus.b
Category C.c d e
Discontinue nursing or the drug.c d e
Conventional tablets and parenteral preparation: Manufacturers state that safety and efficacy not established.c e
Extended-release capsules: Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients <12 years of age. d
Growth retardation has been reported in children receiving long-term therapy with extended-release capsules.d
Risk of metabolic acidosis (may be severe) in geriatric patients with reduced renal function.d
Avoid use in patients with marked hepatic impairment, including those with cirrhosis, because of the risk of developing hepatic encephalopathy.c d e (See Contraindications.)
Avoid use in patients with marked renal impairment.c d e (See Contraindications.)
Paresthesias, hearing dysfunction or tinnitus, anorexia, altered taste, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, polyuria, drowsiness, confusion.c e
Drug or Test | Interaction | Comments |
|---|---|---|
Amphetamine | Decreased urinary excretion of amphetamines; potentiates the effects of amphetaminesd | |
Amphotericin B | Possible enhanced potassium depletionb | |
Antidiabetic agents (oral agents, insulin) | May interfere with the hypoglycemic responseb | |
Aspirin | Increased risk of toxicityc d e | Avoid concomitant use in patients receiving high-dose aspirinc d e h |
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, topical | Additive systemic effectsd g | Concomitant use not recommendedd g |
Corticosteroids | Possible enhanced potassium depletionb | |
Cyclosporine | Possible increased plasma cyclosporine concentrationsd | |
Digitalis glycosides | Acetazolamide-induced hypokalemia may potentiate toxicity of digitalisb | |
Folic acid antagonists | Potential antifolate effectd | |
Lithium | Increased renal excretion of lithium and decreased lithium concentrationsd | Monitor patientb |
Methenamine | May interfere with urinary antiseptic effect of methenamined | |
Phenytoin | Altered metabolism of phenytoin; increased serum phenytoin concentrations; increased risk of phenytoin-associated osteomalaciab d | Caution advisedd |
Primidone | Possible decreased serum concentration of primidone and its metabolites; possible decreased anticonvulsant effectd | Caution advisedd |
Quinidine | Decreased urinary excretion of quinidined | |
Sodium bicarbonate | Increased risk of renal calculusd | |
Tests for urinary protein | False-positive results with tests that use bromophenol blue reagent (Albustix) or sulfosalicylic acidb | |
Tests, theophylline concentrations | Interferes with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay for theophyllined |
Well absorbed from GI tract.a b Peak plasma concentrations attained within 1–4 or 3–6 hours following administration of conventional tablets or extended-release capsules, respectively.d
Following IV administration, reduction in IOP occurs in 2 minutes.b
Following administration of conventional tablets or extended-release capsules, reduction in IOP occurs in 1 or 2 hours, respectively.b
Following IV administration, reduction in IOP persists for 4–5 hours.b
Following administration of conventional tablets or extended-release capsules, reduction in IOP persists for 8–12 or 18–24 hours, respectively.b d
Extended-release capsules: Food does not affect absorption.d
Distributed into erythrocytes, renal cortex, and aqueous humor of eye.a d
Crosses the placenta.a b
Distributed into milk in dogs; not known whether distributed into human milk.a
Excreted principally in the urine as unchanged drug.a
Tight, light-resistant container at 15–30°C.c
20–25°C.d
15–30°C.e
Reconstituted solutions prepared using sterile water for injection are stable for 3 days at 2–8°C or 12 hours at 15–30°C.e
Use reconstituted solutions within 12 hours to minimize the risk of microbial contamination.e
For information on systemic interactions resulting from concomitant use, see Interactions.
Compatible |
|---|
Dextran 6% in dextrose 5% |
Dextran 6% in sodium chloride 0.9% |
Dextrose–Ringer's injection combinations |
Dextrose-Ringer’s injection, lactated, combinations |
Dextrose-saline combinations |
Dextrose 2½, 5, or 10% in water |
Fructose 10% in sodium chloride 0.9% |
Fructose 10% in water |
Invert sugar 5 and 10% in sodium chloride 0.9% |
Invert sugar 5 and 10% in water |
Ionosol products |
Ringer's injection |
Ringer's injection, lactated |
Sodium chloride 0.45 or 0.9% |
Sodium lactate (1/6) M |
Compatible |
|---|
Cimetidine HCl |
Ranitidine HCl |
Variable |
|---|
Diltiazem HCl |
Noncompetitive reversible inhibitor of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme.b d c e
Reduces the formation of hydrogen and bicarbonate ions from carbon dioxide and water, thereby reducing availability of these ions for active transport into secretions.b
Decreases aqueous humor secretion and IOP.b c d
Increases urinary excretion of bicarbonate, sodium, and potassium due to decrease in hydrogen ions in the renal tubules.b Decreases reabsorption of water, increases urine volume, urine becomes alkaline.b
When used as a diuretic, plasma bicarbonate concentration is decreased and chloride concentration may be increased, resulting in metabolic acidosis.b In the presence of acidosis, diuretic effect ceases.b
In acute mountain sickness, the effect of acetazolamide on acid-base balance (i.e., increased renal excretion of bicarbonate that leads to metabolic acidosis) results in compensatory hyperventilation and improved oxygenation.f
Exact mechanism of anticonvulsant activity unclear; may be due to metabolic acidosis, inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, or other mechanisms.b
Risk of adverse effects, including sensitivity reactions; discontinue therapy and consult clinician if signs of sensitivity occur.c d e
When used to prevent acute mountain sickness, importance of gradual ascent.c f Use of acetazolamide does not obviate need to stop ascent if acute mountain sickness develops or descend if severe forms of altitude sickness (e.g., high attitude pulmonary or cerebral edema) occur.c f
Potential for the drug to impair mental alertness or impair vision (myopia); use caution when driving a vehicle or operating machinery until effects on individual are known.d
Advise patients with pulmonary obstruction or emphysema that the drug may precipitate or aggravate acidosis.c d
Advise patients with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance that increases and decreases in blood glucose have occurred in acetazolamide-treated patients.d
Importance of informing clinicians of existing or contemplated concomitant therapy, including prescription and OTC drugs (e.g., high-dose aspirin), as well as concomitant diseases.c d e
Importance of women informing clinicians if they are or plan to become pregnant or plan to breast-feed.c d e
Importance of informing patients of other precautionary information.c d e (See Cautions.)
Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.
* available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name
Routes | Dosage Forms | Strengths | Brand Names | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Oral | Capsules, extended-release | 500 mg | Diamox | Duramed |
Tablets | 125 mg* | Acetazolamide Tablets | Mutual, Taro, United Research | |
250 mg* | Acetazolamide Tablets | Lannett, Mutual, Taro, Watson |
* available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, and/or repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name
Routes | Dosage Forms | Strengths | Brand Names | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Parenteral | For injection, for IV use | 500 mg (of acetazolamide)* | Acetazolamide Sodium for Injection | Bedford, Hospira |
This pricing information is subject to change at the sole discretion of DS Pharmacy. This pricing information was updated 03/2011. Actual costs to patients will vary depending on the use of specific retail or mail-order locations and health insurance copays.
AcetaZOLAMIDE 125MG Tablets (TARO): 90/$45.99 or 180/$79.98
AcetaZOLAMIDE 250MG Tablets (LANNETT): 60/$37.99 or 180/$89.97
AcetaZOLAMIDE 500MG 12-hr Capsules (ZYDUS PHARMACEUTICALS (USA)): 100/$310.01 or 300/$909.95
Diamox Sequels 500MG 12-hr Capsules (TEVA PHARMACEUTICALS USA): 60/$329.59 or 180/$955.83
This report on medications is for your information only, and is not considered individual patient advice. Because of the changing nature of drug information, please consult your physician or pharmacist about specific clinical use.
The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com represent that the information provided hereunder was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com make no representations or warranties, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranty of merchantability and/or fitness for a particular purpose, with respect to such information and specifically disclaims all such warranties. Users are advised that decisions regarding drug therapy are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and the information is provided for informational purposes only. The entire monograph for a drug should be reviewed for a thorough understanding of the drug's actions, uses and side effects. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. and Drugs.com do not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information is not a substitute for medical care.
AHFS Drug Information. © Copyright, 1959-2011, Selected Revisions September 2007. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc., 7272 Wisconsin Avenue, Bethesda, Maryland 20814.
† Use is not currently included in the labeling approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
a. AHFS drug information 2007. McEvoy GK, ed. Acetazolamide. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2007: 2880-1.
b. AHFS drug information 2007. McEvoy GK, ed. Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors General Statement. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2007: 2877-80.
c. Mutual Pharmaceutical Company, Inc. Acetazolamide tablet prescribing information. Philadelphia, PA; 2001 Sept.
d. Duramed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Diamox (acetazolamide) extended release capsule prescribing information. Pomona, NY; 2005 Apr.
e. Bedford Laboratories. Acetazolamide injection powder, lyophilized, for solution prescribing information. Bedford, OH; 2002 Oct.
f. Committee to Advice on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT). Statement on high-altitude illnesses: an advisory committee statement (ACS). Can Commun Dis Rep. 2007; 33:1-20.
g. Alcon. Azopt (brinzolamide) ophthalmic suspension 1% prescribing information. Fort Worth, TX; 2003 Dec.
h. AHFS Drug Information 2007. McEvoy GK, ed. Salicylates General Statement. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. 2007:2011-23.
HID. Trissel LA. Handbook on injectable drugs. 14th ed. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; 2007:3-5.
Acebutolol Sandoz may be available in the countries listed below.
Acebutolol hydrochloride (a derivative of Acebutolol) is reported as an ingredient of Acebutolol Sandoz in the following countries:
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Amcopan may be available in the countries listed below.
Scopolamine butylbromide (a derivative of Scopolamine) is reported as an ingredient of Amcopan in the following countries:
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Cyclix may be available in the countries listed below.
In some countries, this medicine may only be approved for veterinary use.
Cloprostenol is reported as an ingredient of Cyclix in the following countries:
Cloprostenol sodium salt (a derivative of Cloprostenol) is reported as an ingredient of Cyclix in the following countries:
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